1. If adrenaline is used with local anesthetic in a finger block, which drug can be used to reverse vasospasm?
aramine
GTN
Hydrallazine
Phentolamine

2. the absorption from highest to lowest is
intercostals, peripheral nerve, subcutaneous
subcutaneous, peripheral nerve, intercostals
. peripheral nerve, intercostals, subcutaneous
intercostals, subcutaneous, peripheral nerve

3. The recommended local anesthetic dose for intercostals blocks is what percentage of maximum forperipheral blocks?
50
25
15
10

4. For a median nerve block at the wrist the needle is inserted
lateral to flexor carpi radialis
directly lateral to palmaris longus
at the medial border of palamaris longus
through palmaris longus

5. Which statement is incorrect with regards to ulnar nerve blocks at the wrist
the ulnar nerve lies lateral to the artery
the ulnar nerve lies lateral to flexor carpi ulnaris
the site of needle insertion is directly lateral to flexor carpi ulnaris
lignocaine with adrenaline can be used safely

6. Which statement is incorrect?
the nail bed of the middle finger is supplied by the median nerve
the nail bed of the fifth finger is supplied by the ulnar nerve
the total anaesthetic agent which should be used in a finger block is 4 ml
the dorsum of the whole hand distal to the DIP is supplied by the radial nerve

7. Which statement is incorrect with regards to the plantar surface of the foot?
it is mostly supplied by the posterial tibial nerve
the saphenous nerve is blocked between the medial mallelous and tibialis anterior
often two nerves need to be anaesthatised for an adequate block
the sural nerve is blocked inferior to the lateral malleolus

8. With regards to local anesthesia of the oral region which is incorrect?
to anaesthasise the chin and lower lip a mental nerve block or an inferior alveolar nerve block can be done
an intra oral mental nerve block is done where the lip meets the gum at the level of the first pre molar
an external mental nerve block can be done in the same region
local anaesthetic with adrenaline should not be used

9. Which is false with regards to intra oral nerve blocks?
the technique is similar to that for a lingual nerve block
and inferior alveolar nerve block will anaesthatise the chin and lower lip
a lingual nerve block will anaesthatise the anterior two thirds of the tongue plus the floor of the mouth and the gums
in such block the needle is inserted two cm along the lateral border of the ramus of the mandible

10. Which is a false statement with regards to nitrous oxide?
when supplied as Entonox, it is 30% oxygen and 70% nitrous oxide
it does not cause hypoxia when used as entonox
it does not cause significant depression or loss of airway reflexes D. s
it is a clear, odourless gas

11. which of these induction agents increases ICP?
ketamine
thiopentone
propofol
fentanyl

12. Which is not a complication of succinylcholine?
histamine release
masseter spasm
malignant hyperthermia
hypotension

13. Which is not a feature of the non-depolarising neuromuscular relaxant mentioned?
. pancuronium – tachycardia, long half life
atracurium - short half life
rocuronium – short duration of onset (1-3 mins)
vecuronium – brief increase ICP

14. Which is an incorrect statement with regards to TAC?
it is nuch more effective on scalp and facial wounds than extremities
application is for 1 hour minutes to achieve sufficient local anaesthesia
It must be kept in a locked cupboard
It should not be used in wounds where adrenaline is contraindicated

15. With regards to non invasive ventilation, CPAP, which is false?
it recruits collapsed alveoli
. it prevents alveoli collapse
it increases FEV1
it improves FRC

16. Which is the least likely adverse effect of CPAP?
increase ICP
barotrauma
hypertension
increase CO2

17. Which is the least likely adverse effect of CPAP?
increase ICP
barotrauma
hypertension
increase CO2